WHY DO WE FALL ILL COURTESY: GOOGLE IMAGES

Class IX ANIMAL TISSUES- CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Revision Questions for Management of natural resources.

REVISION QUESTIONS FOR MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES.

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1.       How can we measure biodiversity?

2.       Name the leaves which are used to make bidis?

3.       Name the industries based on forest produce..

4.       Name the bacteria which indicate contamination.

5.       What is MPN?

6.       What has led to pollution of Ganga?

7.       Which property of water can be easily measured and also indicates pollution.

8.       What are 3R’s?

9.       Why is reuse better than recycling?

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

10.   What is sustainable development?

11.   Why do we need to manage our resources?

12.   How does mining cause pollution?

13.   What are natural resources? Give examples

14.   What would be the advantages of exploiting resources with short term aims?

15.   What is monoculture? How has it influenced the biodiversity and local people?

16.   Cite cases where local people have worked towards conservation of forests?

17.   Prejudice against the traditional use of forest areas has no basis.

18.   What is Chipko Aandolan?

19.   Suggest a few measures for controlling Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

20.   Despite nature’s monsoon bounty, we fail to sustain water availability underground. Give reasons.

21.   Explain Kulhs.

22.   Why is government facing opposition to construction of large dams?

23.   What is watershed management? What are its aims and advantages? Or List two advantages of water harvesting at the community level.

24.   Although coal and petroleum are produced by degradation of biomass, yet we need to conserve them. Why?

25.   Name the traditional water harvesting structures in various states of India.

26.   Draw Khadin.

27.   What are the advantages of water stored underground?

28.   Why are Arabari forests of Bengal known to be a good example of conserved forests?

29.   Suggest a few useful ways of utilizing waste water.

30.   What is the importance of forest as a resource?

31.   Is water conservation necessary? Give reasons.

Control and Coordination Class X Revision questions

CONTROL  AND  COORDINATION

1.       Name two tissues in animals which help in control and coordination

2.       What is a receptor?

3.       Name the receptors which help to detect taste and smell.

4.       How does nerve impulse travel in our body?

5.       What is a reflex arc? Show it with the help of a diagram.

6.       What is the significance of reflexes? Give examples of reflexes.

7.       Trace the sequence of events which occur when your hand touches a hot object.

8.       Trace the sequence of events which occur when a bright light is focussed on your eyes?

9.       What is the role of brain in reflexes?

10.   What are the components of central nervous system? How does CNS communicate with other parts of the body?

11.   Which part of the brain is responsible for sensation of hunger and thirst?

12.   Draw a well labelled diagram of human brain.

13.   State the functions of various parts of brain.

14.   Differentiate between reflexes and involuntary and voluntary activities giving examples.

15.   How is nervous tissue protected?

16.   How does the nervous tissue cause action?

17.   What happens at synapse between two neurons?

18.   How do we detect the smell of an incense stick?

19.   Discuss the kind of movement shown by plants with examples.

20.   How do plant cells change shape?

21.   Explain the role of auxins in tropisms.

22.   How do auxins promote the growth of tendril around a support?

23.   Compare and contrast nervous and hormonal means of coordination.

24.   Give the functions of growth promoting hormones. Give examples

25.   Give the function of growth inhibiting hormone. Give examples.

26.   Design an experiment to demonstrate hydrotropism.

27.   State the functions of adrenaline.

28.   Why is it important to have iodised salts?

29.   What causes dwarfism?

30.   Which hormones are responsible for changes happening in your body in puberty?

31.   How does the body ensure that hormones are secreted in precise amount as deficiency as well as excess of hormones cause diseases?

32.   Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels?

33.   What do you understand by the feedback mechanism?

34.   What is the function of receptors in our body? Think of situations where receptors do not work properly. What problems are likely to arise?

35.   Which signal will get interrupted in case of spinal cord injury?

36.   What is the need for a system of control and coordination in plants?

Life processes revision sheet- 2 for class X

44.   Draw a well labelled diagram of human heart.

45.   State the function of components of blood.

46.   Why do ventricles have thicker walls?

47.   Explain significance of double circulation.

48.   Name the organism in which blood goes only once through the heart in one cycle.

49.   Name the organism which has two chambered heart.

50.   Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in birds and mammals?

51.   What is blood pressure?

52.   Give the value of systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

53.   Name the instrument which measures blood pressure.

54.   What is hypertension and what can be its impacts?

55.   What would happen if blood would leak from a blood vessel? Explain how is it fixed?

56.   What is tissue fluid? Give its composition. State its functions.

57.   Why do plants need a proper transportation system?

58.   Why do plants have low energy needs?

59.   Explain the transport of water in plants.

60.   State three importance of transpiration for a plant.

61.   Does root pressure play any role in transport of water in plants?

62.   Define translocation.

63.   Explain the difference between transport of water and food in plants.

64.   Define excretion.

65.   How is urine produced?

66.   Draw a well labelled diagram of human excretory system.

67.   Name the filtration units in kidneys.

68.   Name few factors which can reduce the activity of kidneys.

69.   Give the value of initial filtrate as well as final urine output per day in humans.

70.   Explain hemodialysis with the help of a diagram.

71.   What are the methods used by plants to get rid of excretory wastes.

72.   How the amount of urine is produced regulated?

73.   Explain the difference in respiration in plants and animals.

74.   What is the role of saliva in digestion of food?

75.   Compare the functioning of alveoli in lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with respect to their structure and functioning.

Revision questions for classX

LIFE PROCESSES

1.       How do we tell the difference between what is alive and what is not?

2.       Is the invisible molecular movement necessary for life?

3.       Why are molecular movements needed for life?

4.       What are life processes?

5.       Life on earth depends on ----------------------based molecules.

6.       Most chemical reactions in body are -------------------

7.       Simple diffusion is not enough for multicellular organisms.

8.       Why do we need transportation system?

9.       Give two examples of autotrophs and heterotrophs. Also bring out the differences between the two modes of nutrition.

10.   State the function of biocatalysts.

11.   Define photosynthesis and write a balanced equation for it.

12.   Name the internal energy reserve in plants and animals.

13.   Explain the events that occur during photosynthesis.

14.   How do desert plants photosynthesise?

15.   Give two examples of variegated leaves.

16.   State two functions of stomata. How is opening and closing of stomata regulated? Draw a well labelled diagram.

17.   How do plants obtain other raw materials?

18.   What are the green dots in a leaf cell

19.   Give two examples of parasites and saprophytes each.

20.   Comment: Form of nutrition differs depending on the type and availability of food material.

21.   Explain nutrition in amoeba.

22.   What is the difference in which food is obtained by amoeba and paramecium?

23.   Activity 6.3

24.   Discuss the digestion of food in mouth.

25.   Define peristalsis. Does peristalsis occur only in oesophagus?

26.   Explain digestion of food in stomach.

27.   State the function of HCl and mucus in stomach.

28.   What is acidity?

29.   Why do herbivores have longer small intestine?

30.   Small intestine is the site of complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats.

31.   What is a villus? What is its function? Or How is small intestine designed to absorb digested food?

32.   What is dental caries?

33.   Activity 6.5

34.   What are the various ways in which glucose is broken down?

35.   State the function of ATP. How much energy is released when one terminal phosphate of ATP is broken?

36.   Why do aquatic organisms have higher breathing rates?

37.   List the characteristics of respiratory surface.

38.   Why is nasal breathing better than mouth breathing?

39.   Draw the diagram of respiratory system.

40.   Explain how breathing takes place.

41.   How is oxygen and carbon dioxide transported?

42.   How are lungs designed in human beings to maximise the area for exchange of gases.

43.   State the amount of Hb in men and women

REVISION TEST FOR CLASS VIII

http://goo.gl/forms/N2mOTeojeJCbTue93

http://goo.gl/forms/N2mOTeojeJCbTue93

Agricultural implements PLOUGH

Ploughhttps://www.google.co.in/search?q=plough&espv=2&biw=1366&bih=667&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj94-G7lY7MAhVGo5QKHWO6B_UQ_AUIBigB#tb

SAQ and Fill in the blanks : WHY DO WE FALL ILL (9)

Fill in the blanks:

1. Pneumonia is an example of--------------disease.
2. Many skin diseases are caused by-------------------.
3. Antibiotics commonly block biochemical pathways important for the growth of--------
4. Living organisms carrying the infecting agents from one person to another are called -----------
5. -----------------disease continues for many days and causes----------------------------on body.
6. -----------------disease continues for few days and causes no long term effect on body.
7. --------------is defined as physical , mental and social well being.
8. Common cold is --------------------disease.

• Name the target organs for the following diseases:
• hepatitis targets
• fits or unconsciousness targets
• pneumonia targets
• fungal disease targets
• Who discovered vaccines for the first time? Nae two diseases which can be prevented by using vaccines.
• Which bacterium causes peptic ulcers?Who discovered the above pathogen for the first time?
• What is an antibiotic? Give two examples. Name two organisms from which we extract antibiotics.
• Give two examples each for the following:
• acute  disease
• chronic  disease
• infectious disease
• non infectious  disease
• diseases transmitted through vectors.

MCQ FROM WHY DO WE FALL ILL

• ---------------------is not a viral disease.

1. Dengue
2. AIDS
3. Typhoid
4. Influenza

•  ---------------------is not a bacterial disease.

1. Cholera
2. T.B.
3. Anthrax
4. Influenza

• ---------------------is not transmitted by mosquitoes.

1. Typhoid
2. Dengue
3. Malaria
4. Brain fever

• ---------------------is not caused by a bacteria.

1. Typhoid
2. Dengue
3. Malaria
4. Anthrax

• ---------------------is  a protozoan disease

1. Cholera
2. Influenza
3. Malaria
4. AIDS

• ---------------------has long term effect on body.

1. COMMON COLD
2. CHICKEN POX
3. CHEWING TOBACCO
4. STRESS

• ---------------------can make you ill by coming in conatct with the person

1. High BP
2. Genetic abnormality
3. sneezing
4. cancer

• ---------------------cannot transmit AIDS.

1. bugs
2. sexual contact
3. breast feeding
4. blood transfusion

• ---------------------cause Kala Azar.

1. ascaris
2. trypanosoma
3. leishmania
4. bacteria

REVISION QUESTIONS WHY DO WE FALL ILL

Dear kids

let me know if you can read it or else I will type the questions

HEREDITY AND EVOLUTION

Homologous organs class x

Examples of Homology

Homology refers to two things that have an equivalent role or relationship. Homology is important in comparative biology since it makes it possible to determine if two different animals or plants share a common ancestor. Essentially, homology in this context means that there are two species that have related parts that do similar things, but that are not exactly the same. 

Homology In the Animal Kingdom

Following are some examples of homology:

·         The arm of a human, the wing of a bird or a bat, the leg of a dog and the flipper of a dolphin or whale are homologous structures. They are different and have a different purpose, but they are similar and share common traits. They are considered homologous structures because they have a similar underlying anatomy. 

·         The forelimbs of a frog, a bird, a rabbit and a lizard look very different because they have evolved differently to account for the specific lifestyles of each animal. However, they share a common ancestor and a common set of bones (the radius, ulna and humerus). The shared bones date back to a prehistoric fish that emerged onto land, eventually becoming an extinct transitional animal from which they evolved. These different structures are also homologous to the arms of people, the wings of the bat, and the other animal parts described above. 

·         The pelvis of a dog, of a cat and of a human and of a snake are homologous structures. 

·         The tailbone of a human being and the tail of a monkey are examples of homology. The tailbone is actually called the tailbone because of this shared lineage. Because a human doesn’t actually have a tail but the tailbone is the last vestige or remains of where a tail would be, it is referred to as “vestigial.” 

·         The leaves of a pitcher plant, a Venus fly trap, a cactus and a poinsettia are all examples of homology. They are homologous structures because, although they have different shapes and different functions today, they all share a common ancestor. 

·         The mouthparts and the antennae of different insects such as the grasshopper, the honeybee, the butterfly and the mosquito are used for different purposes. The grasshopper, for example, primarily bites and chews while the honeybee bites and the butterfly sucks pollen. Although different today, these different parts are examples of homology because they share the same basic structure which was just modified or enlarged as needed for the particular species. 

·         Non-identical chromosomes in DNA that can pair with each other and that are believed to share common ancestry are also examples of homology. They can also indicate that there is a common or shared function in the chromosomes. 

Homologous structures can be traced back to the last common ancestor that the animal’s shared. For example, if the wing of a bat and the forearm of a person are examples of homology, this means that the anatomical structure of the forearm and of the wing were both present in the last common ancestor along the evolutionary chain that was shared by the bird and bat. 

Now you have lots of examples of homology and you have a better understanding of how homology works in the field of comparative biology.  

·          

Read more at http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-homology.html#Oa4jyRpXqakC3LoV.99

PROTISTA

• The kingdom includes unicellular eukaryotic organisms.
• They are primarily aquatic
• They have well organized nucleus and complex membranous organelles.
• They have hair like cilia, whip like flagella or pseudopodia for locomotion.
• Some protists are plant like with cellulosic cell wall and chloroplasts. They are autotrophs.Eg: diatoms, dinoflagellates.
• Some protists have animal like cells . They are called protozoans and are heterotrophs or holozoic. Eg: amoeba, paramoecium, Plasmodium

• 

  paramoecium
  

GYMNOSPERMS

GYMNO (NAKED) SPERMA(SEEDS)

• It includes medium sized and tall trees as well as shrubs.Sequoia (giant red wood tree) is one of the tallest tree species.
• Leaves in gymnospems are well adapted to withstand extremes of temperature, humidity and wind. Thick cuticle, sunken stomata and needle like leaves reduce the surface area.
• These are the plants in which ovules are not enclosed by any ovary wall.
• After fertilisation seeds remain exposed and therefore these plants are called naked seeded plants
• Gymnosperms produce microspores and megaspores which are produced in microsporangia and megasporangia borne on sporophylls
• The sporophylls are arranged spirally on axis to form male and female cones respectively.These may be borne on the dsame tree (Pinus) or on different trees( Cycads)



mature female cone pinus

• After fertilisation zygote develops into embryo and ovules develop into seeds.



cycad female cone



cycas male cone

• Gametophyte does not have an independent existence. They remain within the sporangia retained on the sporophyte.



second year male cone pinus

• Children you can watch these videos on youtube for purpose of clarity 

www.youtube.com

Nature Notes Female and Male Pine Cones - Longleaf Pine.

Male or Female Sago, How to tell the difference